Government reports, examination, and most business letters are the main situation formal l
A.in which
B.at which
C.on which
D.in that
A.in which
B.at which
C.on which
D.in that
第1题
Questions are based on the following passage.
We are locked in a generational war. No one wants to admit this, because it"s uglyand unwelcome. Parents are supposed to care for their children, and children are supposedto care for their aging parents. For families, these collective obligations may work. Butwhat makes sense for families doesn"t always succeed for society as a whole. The clash ofgenerations is intensifying.
Last week, a federal judge ruled that Detroit qualifies for municipal bankruptcy.This almost certainly means that pensions and health benefits for the city"s retired workerswill be trimmed. There"s a basic conflict between paying for all retirement benefits andsupporting adequate current services. The number of Detroit"s retired workers has swelled,benefits were not adequately funded and the city"s economy isn"t strong enough to takecare of both without self-defeating tax increases.
The math is unforgiving. Detroit now has two retirees for every active worker,reports the Detroit Free Press; in 2012, that was 10,525 employees and 21,113 retirees.
Satisfying retirees inevitably shortchanges their children and grandchildren. ThoughDetroit"s situation is extreme, it"s not unique. Pension benefits were once thought to belegally and politically impregnable (不受影响的 ) . Pension cuts in Illinois, RhodeIsland and elsewhere have shattered this assumption. Chicago is considering reductionsfor its retirees.
What"s occurring at the state and local levels is an incomplete and imperfect effortto balance the interests of young and old. Conflicts vary depending on benefits" generosityand the strength——-or weakness——-of local economies. A study of 173 cities by the Centerfor Retirement Research at Boston College found pension costs averaged 7.9 percent oftax revenues, but those of many cities were much higher. Health benefits add to costs.
At the federal level, even this sloppy generational reckoning is missing. Theelderly"s interests are running roughshod (冷酷无情的) over other national concems.
Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid——programs heavily for the retired——dominate thebudget, accounting for about 44 percent of spending, and have been largely excluded fromdeficit-reduction measures.
Almost all the adjustment falls on other programs: defense, courts, research, roads,education. Or higher taxes. The federal government is increasingly a transfer agency:
Taxes from the young and middle-aged are spent on the elderly.
The explanation for this is politics. For states and localities, benefit cuts affectgovernment workers, while at the federal level, it"s all the elderly, a huge group thatincludes everyone"s parents and grandparents. As a result, the combat has beenlopsided (不平衡的 ) . Younger Americans have generally been clueless about howshifting demographics threaten their future government services and taxes.
What does the word "‘assumption" refer to in Paragraph 3? 查看材料
A.Pensions are legal and won"t be affected by politics.
B.Pensions are easily affected by government policies.
C.Pensions are largely paid by the elderly.
D.Pensions are largely paid by tax.
第2题
Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work ____6___the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7___to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the __8__ form. of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantages that they ___9___receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to ____10____. Third , the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”-it takes several days __11____a check is cashed and funds are _12____from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime.___13____ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.
Fourth, electronic means of payment may __14_____ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there. The fact that this is not an _16____occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and __17__ steal funds by moving them from someone else’s accounts into their own. The ___18__of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science is developing to ____19__security issues. A further electronic means of payments leaves an electronic ____20___ that contains a large number of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.
A.However .
B.moreover .
C.Therefore .
D.Otherwise
第4题
It is essential that all the reports tq be published__________twice.
A.be checked
B.would be checked
C.were checked
D.will be checked
第6题
Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form. of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer&39;s account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.
Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else&39;s accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.
1
A.However
B.Moreover
C.Therefore
D.Otherwise
2A.off
B.back
C.over
D.around
7A.imaginative
B.expensive
C.sensitive
D.productive
8A.similar
B.original
C.temporary
D.dominant
9A.collect
B.provide
C.copy
D.print
10A.give up
B.take over
C.bring back
D.pass down
11A.before
B.after
C.since
D.when
12A.kept
B.borrowed
C.released
D.withdrawn
13A.Unless
B.Until
C.Because
D.Though
14A.hide
B.express
C.raise
D.ease
16A.unsafe
B.unnatural
C.uncommon
D.unclear
17A.steal
B.choose
C.benefit
D.return
18A.consideration
B.prevention
C.manipulation
D.justification
6A.for
B.against
C.with
D.on
20A.chunk
B.chip
C.path
D.trail
15A.analyzed
B.shared
C.stored
D.displayed
3A.power
B.concept
C.history
D.role
19A.cope with
B.fight against
C.adapt to
D.call for
5A.silent
B.sudden
C.slow
D.steady
4A.reward
B.resist
C.resume
D.reverse
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析,谢谢!
第8题
A.makes
B.made
C.is to make
D.making
第9题
What is the writes's attitude towards the Asian flu?
A. He simply reports the disease objectively.
B. He is worried about the spread of the disease.
C. He is disappointed at the tests of the London doctors.
D. He believes that the disease will soon be controlled.
第10题
We listened carefully to long 23 .
23. A. lectures B. dialogues C. speeches D. reports