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Faces, like fingerprints（指纹) , are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us

Faces, like fingerprints(指纹) , are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people？ Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.

We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.

Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a" nice person" , you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate (考虑周到的) , friendly, warm, and so forth.

There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon an Ports, an American psychologist, found nearly 18, 000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types—people are described with such terms.

People have always tried to" type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain's (坏人) or the hero 's role. In fact, the words "person" and" personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning " mask " . Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.

The main idea of this passage is ______.

A．how to distinguish people's faces

B．how to describe people's personality

C．how to distinguish people both inward (内向的) and outward (外向的)

D．how to differ good persons from bad persons

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发布时间：2021-09-01

更多“Faces, like fingerprints（指纹) , are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us”相关的问题

第1题

To someone who has seen a dozen people frown, scowl or turn their faces away, your smi

le is like the sun break through the clouds.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。

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第2题

There are a couple of big reasons why Microsoft is able to do so much overseas with so lit

tle. Firstly,【21】software products are so easy to manufacture, Gates doesn't have to worry【22】building and operating factories.【23】, Microsoft contracts (承包) out to others to duplicate and package much of its software. Secondly, and just as important, PCs are【24】cheap and easy to set up, unlike minicomputers, that businesses and governments【25】even the poorest and most backward nations can afford【26】. Of course, there are big problems too. Microsoft must adapt (调整) its products to support【27】of different languages and writing schemes, but that's another task it【28】increasingly farming out to local contractors. Also, software, like computers, faces stiff tariffs (关税) in many developing【29】. Until recently, for example, India demanded 112% duties (关税) on imported high-tech【30】.

(36)

A．because

B．however

C．besides

D．therefore

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第3题

Back in the 1 870 s，Charles Darwin’s cousin Francis Gahon wanted to define the face of a c

riminal．He assembled photographs of men convicted of heinous crimes and made a composite by lining them up on a single photographic plae The surprise：everybody liked the villain，including Gahonhimself．He reasoned that the villainous irregularities he supposed belonged to criminal faces had disappeared in the averaging process．In the next century，scientists began to show reliably thatfaces combined digitally on computers were likable--more so than the individual faces from which they were composed Although people clearly admire the long legs of Brazilian model Ana Hickmann or Dolly Parton’s breasts，in general humans like averages． Researchers confirmed that humans judge real faces by their differences or similarities from anorm．But they also found that the norm can change quickly．When researchers showed 1 64 peoplesets of 100 computer—generated faces representing a slow transition from male to female and from Japanese to Caucasian--it turned out that the test subjects’idea of what constitute an“average”face shifted depending on the first face they saw．When they were flashed a supermasculine face first，more faces on the spectrum impressed them，by contrast，as female The masculine face had，in effect，set a standard From then on，other faces had to be more masculine in order to rate as be longing to the gender．the study note a similar shift using a Scale of faces moving from surprise to 1‘disgust． The authors，who published their results in the journal Nature，conclude that in real life we al so quickly change our perception of the midpoint--what’s normal--depending on what we see We may not be aware that our judgment has changed；we simply see differently，says Michael Wel)ster，a psychologist at the University of Nevada in Reno and coauthor of the study． One implication is that individual and social attitudes toward what’s acceptable，and what’s beautiful，change over time “If you look at plastic—surgery trends”，in the 1950s and 1960s you saw little upturned noses，notes Harvard psychologist Nancy Etcoff，author of the book Survival of the Prettiest：The Science of beauty．“Now the noses are broader and the lips are plumper．We’re seeing images from around the globe and its changing our idea of the average”So if you’re unhappy with some aspect of your face，take comfort：beauty，is a moving target．

Francis Gahon’s test shows that________．

A．people prefer average faces to those with conspicuous features

B．sometimes evil persons have more attractive appearance

C．it is hard to distinguish between criminals and ordinary people

D．the result of trying to read faces is a shock to average people

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第4题

根据以下内容回答题：It is difficult to iniagine what life would be like without memory．The

根据以下内容回答题：

It is difficult to iniagine what life would be like without memory．The meanings of thou-sands of everyday perceptions，the bases for the decisions we make，and the roots of our habits and skiUs are to be found in our past experiences，which are brought into the present by memory． Memory call be defined as the dapacity to keep information available for later use．It includes not only“remembering”things like arithmetic or historical facts，but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves．Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile．Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat． Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines．Computers，for example，contain devices for storing data for later use．It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being．The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up t0 100 000“words”一ready for instan．t use．An average U．S．teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about l00 000 words of English．However，this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored．Consider，for example，the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight．The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem．solving intelligence of human beings．A large part of a person’smemory is in terms of words．and combinations of words.

According to the passage，memory is considered to be__________ ．

A.the basis for decision making and problem solving

B.an ability to store experiences．for future use

C.an intelligence typically possessed by human beings

D.the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words

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第5题

It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. （78)The meanings of tho

It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. (78)The meanings of thou- sands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involving any change in the way an animal typically behaves. (79)Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain be- cause he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six- year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.

Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 " words" —ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for ex- ample, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person' s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words.

According to the passage, memory is considered to be ______.

A．the basis for decision making and problem solving

B．an ability to store experiences for future use

C．an intelligence typically possessed by human beings

D．the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words

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第6题

The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is

an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 11 powerful enough to shoot astronauts beyond the earth's gravitational pull and 12 them on the moon.We have now become travelers space.

Impressive and complex 13 it may appear, the rocket, which was invented in China over 800 years 14 , is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is burned in the rocket engine changes 15 gas.The hot and rapidly expanding gas must escape, but it can do so only 16 an opening that faces backward.As the gas is 17 with great force, it pushes the rocket in the 18 direction.Like the kick of a gun when it is fired, it 19 the laws of nature described by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“ 20 every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.”

11.A.shown

B.been

C.appeared

D.proved

12.A.send

B.land

C.take

D.carry

13.A.that

B.so

C.as

D.sometimes

14.A.in advance

B.before

C.earlier

D.ago

15.A.as

B.into

C.for

D.the

16.A.in

B.at

C.by

D.through

17.A.transmitted

B.dispersed

C.erected

D.radiated

18.A.same

B.other

C.opposite

D.wrong

19.A.states

B.proves

C.follows

D.breaks

20.A.like

B.as

C.with

D.for

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第7题

In an ordinary mirror your right eye stares at your right eye and your left eye at your le

ft eye--the opposite of the right-left, left-right connection we employ for assessing one another in the wild. The image in a True Mirror (which shows what you look like to others) can come as something of a shock. You tend to look the way you do in photographs, which for many people is also a shock. (This is the flip side (反面) of the start you sometimes get when looking at the reflected image of someone you are accustomed to seeing in person.) A newspaper headline held up to a True Mirror doesn't appear backward--it reads just fine. But your own face may seem oddly asymmetrical. Facial mannerisms nurtured in front of a normal mirror may in a True Mirror be revealed in a different light. "It is a wholly new view for many," the True Mirror's promotional literature concedes, "and not surprisingly, some don't like or feel uncomfortable with the new look."

Another issue: in a True Mirror you seem to have far less control over the figure in the glass than you do in a normal mirror. If you turn to the right in front of a normal mirror, the image turns with you and ends up facing in the same direction, completing the visual palindrome (回文). In a True Mirror the image faces the other way, as if you were about to begin pacing off for a duel with yourself; and when you take a step, the image steps away from you. In a normal mirror your reflected finger comes out to meet your real one until they touch, like Michelangelo's God and Adam. In a True Mirror the reflected finger comes at you from the other side of the glass, as if pointed by the other hand. Ordinarily, you have no difficulty looking at a normal mirror and guiding your hand to an object reflected in it. Try this with a True Mirror, and your grasp will prove errant. Shaving becomes a blood sport. If all the review mirrors in America's cars were suddenly replaced by True Mirrors, there could be a very special episode of ER (美国电视剧《急诊室》).

In an ordinary mirror your right eye stares at your right eye and your left eye at your left eye--the opposite of the right-left, left-right connection we employ for assessing one another in the wild. The image in a True Mirror (which shows what you look like to others) can come as something of a shock. You tend to look the way you do in photographs, which for many people is also a shock. (This is the flip side (反面) of the start you sometimes get when looking at the reflected image of someone you are accustomed to seeing in person.) A newspaper headline held up to a True Mirror doesn't appear backward--it reads just fine. But your own face may seem oddly asymmetrical. Facial mannerisms nurtured in front of a normal mirror may in a True Mirror be revealed in a different light. "It is a wholly new view for many," the True Mirror's promotional literature concedes, "and not surprisingly, some don't like or feel uncomfortable with the new look."

Another issue: in a True Mirror you seem to have far less control over the figure in the glass than you do in a normal mirror. If you turn to the right in front of a normal mirror, the image turns with you and ends up facing in the same direction, completing the visual palindrome (回文). In a True Mirror the image faces the other way, as if you were about to begin pacing off for a duel with yourself; and when you take a step, the image steps away from you. In a normal mirror your reflected finger comes out to meet your real one until they touch, like Michelangelo's God and Adam. In a True Mirror the reflected finger comes at you from the other side of the glass, as if pointed by the other hand. Ordinarily, you have no difficulty looking at a normal mirror and guiding your hand to an object reflected in it. Try this with a True Mirror, and your grasp will prove errant. Shaving becomes a blood sport. If all the review mirrors in America's cars were suddenly replaced by True Mirrors,

A．as reflected in water

B．what we look like to others

C．in photographs

D．in a True Mirror

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第8题

Living in a second culture can be like riding on a roller coaster. Sometimes foreign visit

ors are elated; sometimes they are depressed. First there is the combination of enthusiasm and excitement that is felt while travelling. New foods and aromas, different faces, foreign language, and interesting customs all fascinate the traveller. A foreign visitor usually has high expectations and is eager to become familiar with a new culture.

Of course, international travellers may have difficulties in understanding the adjustment problems that trouble them. Many people do not recognize that the problems, feelings, and mood changes that are related to living in a second culture are not unique. It is common for international visitors or immigrants to vacillate(摇摆) between loving and hating a new country. The newness and strangeness of a foreign cul ture are bound to affect a traveller's emotions.'

"Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion(沉浸) in a new culture. It happens to "peo ple who have been suddenly transplanted abroad". Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people's behavior. in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation (不辨方向 ).Language problems do not account for all the frustrations(挫折) that people feel. When one is deprived of everything that was once familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, or knowing bow to make friends, difficulties in coping with new society may arise.

The word "elated" (Para. 1, Line 2) means ______.

A．high-spirited

B．low-spirited

C．curious

D．impressed

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第9题

We use both words and gestures to express our feelings ,but the problem is that these word

s and gestures can be understood in different ways .

It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language . So does laughter or crying . There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings . Dogs , tigers and humans , for example , often show their teeth when they are angry . This is probably because they are born with those behavior. patterns .

Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world . In Chinese and English literature , a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble”suggests that the man is either very afraid or deeply shocked . However , “he opened his eyes wide ” is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise . In Chinese surprise can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues ”. Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike .

Even in the same culture , people differ in the ability to understand and express feelings Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear ,anger love and happiness on people’s faces . Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do .

According to the passage , _________.

A.we can hardly understand what people’s gestures mean

B.words and gestures may have different meanings in different cultures

C.words can be better understand by older people

D.gestures can be better understand by most of the people while words can not

People’s facial expressions may be misunderstand because______。A.people of different ages may have different understandings

B.people have different cultures

C.people of different sexes may understand a gesture differently

D.people of different countries speak different languages

Even in the same culture , people_______.A.have different abilities to understand and express feelings

B.have exactly the same understanding of something

C.never fail to understand each other

D.are equally intelligent

From this passage .we can conclude_______.A.words are used as frequently as gestures

B.words are often found difficult to understand

C.words and gestures are both used in expressing feelings

D.gestures are more efficiently used than words

The best title for this passage be________.A.Words and Feelings

B.Words,Gestures and Feelings

C.Gestures and Feelings

D.Culture and Understanding

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第10题

Why do Westerners love their pets so much, almost as if they were their children? I su

Why do Westerners love their pets so much, almost as if they were their children？ I suppose one reason is that for more than one hundred years many children's books in England and in America were animal stories.By this we mean stories that gave the animals human names, human voices, human emotions, and even faces that look almost human.Many of these stories taught a moral lesson, like honesty or kindness or hard work.My mother read animal stories to me as a child, and my wife and I read some of the same animal stories to my boys when they were small, and now they read animal stories to their children.Some are the same stories about dogs and cats and rabbits and horses.So children in America grow up with good feelings toward animals. Many families would like to have a purebred dog or cat, that is an animal whose parents come from a single kind of animal.But purebred animals are expensive.And those that are registered with a special dog or cat club are even more expensive since there is a written record of their ancestors for many generations.What often happens is that a family's first pet will come from some friend whose pet has had babies.Or they may get a pet from an animal shelter.Every city and many smaller towns have a humane society which cares for animals that are found and for animals which people no longer want.They try to find the owner of lost pets and to find homes for the others.Over the years my wife and I and our children have gotten some very nice dogs for our family from animal shelters, usually at no cost.

But some families do not want a house dog or a house cat.They want an outside dog or cat.So the animal stays outsides the house most of the time.Special dog houses are made for such dogs to use, especially at night in the colder parts of North America.

1.Why do Western people love their pets so much？ ()

A.Because their children don't have many friends.

B.Because they have leisure time and enough money.

C.Because they are influenced by animal stories.

D.Because they regard pets as their children.

2.Since they have heard a lot of animal stories, American children tend to () .

A.love animals when they grow up

B.treat animals rudely

C.live with animals

D.dislike animals

3.A purebred dog refers to a dog()

A.which is brought up by one family

B.whose parents come from the same area

C.whose parents belong to the single kind of dog

D.which is bred in a pure house

4.How do most Americans get their first pet？ ()

A.They buy it from a pet shop

B.They pick up one from the street

C.They always get one from the animal shelter

D.They get it from their friends

5.Not all pets stay with their masters in the house all the time for().

A.it's good for them to stay outside

B.people think they are dirty

C.Some people don't want a house dog or a house cat

D.they don't like to stay in their masters' house

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