Who is normally deciding which search pattern to use（）

course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.

For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations amuse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.

Normally a student would at least attend ______ classes each week.

A．36

B．12

C．20

D．15

Dear professor,

Banks normally receive money from their customers in two distinct forms; on current account, and on deposit account. With a current account, a customer can issue personal cheques. No interest is paid by the bank on this type of account. With a deposit account, however, the customer undertakes (答应) to leave his money in the bank for a minimum specified period of time. Interest is paid on this money.

The bank in turn lends the deposited money to customers who need capital. This activity earns interest for the bank, and this interest is almost always at a higher rate than any interest which the bank pays to its depositors. In this way the bank makes its main profits.

We can say that the primary function of a bank today is to act as an intermediary (中间人) between depositors who wish to make interest on their savings, and borrowers who wish to obtain capital. The bank is a reservoir (水库) of loanable money, with streams of money flowing in and out. For this reason, economists and financiers often talk of money being" liquid" , or of the ' liquidity ' of money. Many small sums which might not otherwise be used as capital are made useful simply because the bank acts as a reservoir.

The system of banking rests upon a basis of trust. Innumerable acts of trust build up the system of which bankers, depositors and borrowers are part. They all agree to behave in certain predictable ways in relation to each other, and in relation to the rapid fluctuations of credit and debit. Consequently, business can be done and cheques can be written without visibly changing hands.

On______, the bank will pay interest.

A．the current account

B．personal cheques

C．the deposit account

D．both the current and deposit account

as established that everyone has over a thousand dreams a year, however few of these nocturnal (夜间发生的) productions are remembered on waking. Even the most confirmed "non-dreamers" will remember dreams if woken up systematically during the rapid eye movement (REM) periods.

These are periods of light sleep during which the eyeballs move rapidly .back and forth under the closed lids and the brain becomes highly activated, which happens three or four times every night of normal sleep.

It is a very interesting question why some people remember dreams regularly while others remember hardly any at all under normal conditions. In considering this, it is important to bear in mind that the dream tends to be an elusive phenomenon for all of us. We normally never recall a dream unless we awaken directly from it, and even then it has a tendency to fade quickly into oblivion.

Given this general elusiveness of dreams, the basic factor that seems to determine whether a person remembers them or not is the same as that which determines all other memory, namely degree of interest. Dream researchers have made a broad classification of people into "recallers"—those who re member at least one dream a month—and "non-recallers", who remember fewer than this. Tests have shown that cool analytical people with a very rational approach to their feelings tend to recall fewer dreams than those whose attitude to life is open and flexible. It is not surprising to discover that in Western society, women normally recall more dreams than men, since women are traditionally allowed an instinctive, feeling approach to life.

In modern urban-industrial culture, feeling and dreams tend to be treated as frivolities (无聊事) which must be firmly subordinated to the realities of life. We pay lip-service to the inner life of imagination as it expresses itself in the arts, but in practice relegate (置于次要地位) music, poetry, drama and painting to the level of spare-time activities, valued mainly for the extent to which they refresh us for a return to work.

Many people are unaware that they dream because ______.

A．their dreams fade very quickly

B．they do not recall their dreams

C．they sleep too heavily

D．they wake up frequently

responsibility of the bride’s family. In most cases it is mainly friends and relations of both families who are invited, but when the bride’s father is businessman of some kind, the wedding reception may provide a useful occasion for establishing social connections with clients or customers and other people whose good will may be of advantage to him. It is, however, the bride’s mother who had the job of sending out the formal printed invitation cards.

In the case of a church wedding, the vicar of each parish in which the ceremony bride and bridegroom live is normally informed about a month in advance of the ceremony so that an announcement of the coming wedding can be made in church on each of three Sundays before it takes place. Anyone who may know of an existing marriage of either partner is ordered to give information about it, though this means of avoiding bigamy must have been more effective in the days when people moved about the world less than they do today. Often up to a hundred or more people attend the religious service and the bride usually wears the traditional long white dress and veil, while her bride - maids, who are often children, wear long dress in attractive colors. This may also happen in the case of a civil wedding in a register office but is probably less usual.

The reception which follows may be held in a restaurant, a local hall or, when there are few guests, in the bride's own home. Refreshments are provided, a special iced wedding - cake is cut (usually to the accompaniment of speeches) and distributed to the guests, toasts are drunk and dancing may follow. At some point in the celebrations, the bride goes off the change into everyday clothes and then leaves the party with her husband to go on their honeymoon, the journey they will make together, often in romantic surroundings abroad.

According to the passage some guests may be invited because _________.

A．they are likely to be annoyed if they are not

B．they may give valuable presents

C．their presence could provide future benefits

D．they may help with the expenses of the wedding

f our Language School and the courses we offer. If you have some additional questions please do not hesitate to contact us for more information.

At Language upon Thames, we feel it is important to be flexible, in order that students can decide what period of study suits them best.

Small Group General English Courses

These courses are aimed at students who wish to improve their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills and are offered at the following levels:

BEGINNERS

ELEMENTARY(初级)

PRE-1NTERMEDLATE

UPPER-INTERMEDLATE

Studying one of the above courses will enable you to use English more confidently and competently on a daily basis.

Try our free online test to see which level you are at—CLICK HERE.

Exam Courses

These courses are aimed at students who wish to gain academic qualifications in English and are offered at the following levels:

University of Cambridge exams:

ADVANCED 1 — FCE (First certificate)

ADVANCED 2 — CAE (Advanced)

ADVANCED 3 — CPE (Proficiency)

Studying one of the above courses will enable you to continue your education or enter university in this country. (Students wishing to gain admission to a British university are normally required to have the Cambridge Proficiency Certificate.)

Speaking, Listening & Pronunciation

This course builds on communicative confidence and competence and is aimed at students who wish to develop the important skills of speaking and listening.

Emphasis is also placed on pronunciation, with activities designed to meet the needs of students of different nationalities, who need to focus on different areas.

CLICK HERE to register for a General English course.

Other Languages

At Language upon Thames we offer a wide range of cafeterias, restaurants, shops and bars.

Most importantly, we have foreign language classes of French, Japanese, German, Spanish and Italian during the day, evening or on a one-to-one basis.

What does this passage mainly talk about？

A．English courses.

B．Ways to improve students' English.

C．The best way to improve your skills.

D．The importance of English.

e, I was initially struck by its remoteness. Here was the focus of those weeks of discussion, of seemingly endless careful planning: a slightly projecting, elongated outline.

The warmth of the day meant that many holiday-makers were about, and our equipment rapidly attracted them to the site, unmistakable with its brilliant orange marker, each attached to a steel post. These posts marked off the four corners of our working area, and were linked by a rope to keep it clear of curious sightseers.

Many structural features of the wreck which would normally have been visible were obscured by the sand, which was not only right up to but even above the upper gun deck. We went to work immediately when the first low tide made a start possible, and set up our basic survey line running down the middle of the wreck from bow to stern. As we set about measuring the sides of the ship in their relation to the survey line, the "Amsterdam" emerged as a vessel of substance, and more so when the members of the team had scoured her aged timbers free from mussel shells and seaweed.

All this activity attracted an increasing number of sightseers, whose interest was natural and welcome, since the more people who were moved to understand what we were about, the better it was for archaeology in general and for the future preservation of the "Amsterdam" in particular. However, there were also predatory souvenir hunters who were most disappointed by our merely taking elaborate measurements, with no apparent intention of digging up more objects.

Seeing the wreck of the "Amsterdam", the author was impressed by______.

A．its apparent isolation

B．its accessibility from the shore

C．the crowds of people round it

D．the effect of its outline against the sky

fluids. But not all water is as safe as once【62】. Recent tests of water fountains in several U. S. cities show that many fountains give water containing large【63】of lead (铅) , a poisonous metal. A recent study of 900 water fountains in Los Angeles【64】that half of the fountains【65】contained higher amounts of lead than the【66】the experts consider【67】. In other cities【68】results of tests were announced; too much lead in many, though【69】, drinking fountains. Water doesn't normally contain any lead, but when it passes through pipes, it can【70】. People who drink the water【71】the lead. An adult' s body passes most of the lead【72】the body, but children' s【73】retains more than half the lead【74】. This makes children more likely to be affected. Lead can damage the kidneys, cause【75】and impair learning and memory.【76】four million children in U. S. A. already have high levels of lead in their bodies. Most of this lead comes from【77】polluted with the metal. They can【78】it up from eating dirt or paint chips containing lead. In【79】to limit the lead in water fountains, officials recently suggested that fountains【80】to have too much lead be replaced or repaired. And that certainly requires a lot of money.

(61)

A．high

B．highly

C．higher

D．height

rill. It holds a number of very fine needles, which, for the purpose of reproducing the approved drawing, are dipped, in black ink. When the current is switched on, and the instrument passed rapidly over the outline, the action of the needles drives the ink into the skin. The tattooist is constantly wiping away excess ink as he works. This is where skill is so important, for the speed of the instrument means that he must work rapidly over lines which are almost permanently covered over.

The basic drawing then has to be colored in, using the same method but with non-poisonous paint now replacing the ink. The average tattoo contains four or five colors, each injected with a separate instrument. How many needles are used each time will depend on the area to be covered, but it is possible to use as many as ten or twelve, giving up to 3,000 injections a minute. Filling in is a lengthier process than outlining, and, since most people find half an hour under the needles quite enough, a major tattoo can take a number of visits to complete. Every visit will leave the skin sere and stinging, and to prevent infection the area is finally treated with an antiseptic cream and covered with a dressing. After a few days it finally heals over, leaving the new tattoo clearly visible under the skin.

And there it stays, for, as those who get tattooed and then third better of it soon discover, getting rid of the tattoo is a far more difficult business than getting it. The tattooist is powerless to undo what he has done and can only refer unhappy customers to their doctors who, no matter how sympathetic, are able to offer little encouragement. Removing a tattoo, if it can be done at all, has to be by one of two methods, neither of them pleasant or even completely satisfactory, The first is by surgery and skin replacement, an operation which leaves permanent marks. The other possibility is to re-tat-too over the offending design with a special acidbased substance which absorbs the colors as it goes. This is a painful and lengthy process which, though less expensive than private surgery, is still quite costly." Tattooing is a thorn in the side of the medical profession", is the view of one Harley Street skin specialist. He receives a constant stream of enquiries about removal, but in most cases the expense and discomfort of having it done make people decide to go on living with their unwanted designs." Patients have to want it very much go to through with it ," he says. "Those who do are usually the ones who find that they are refused jobs, or cannot get advancement because their hands are decorated."

This is such a common event that responsible tattooists refuse to work on areas which cannot normally be covered up." The trouble is that most people don’t think about it until it’s too late." says one tattooist who had his own hands mooed some years ago, and freely admits to regretting it." I realize now that it looks in bad taste."

The fine needles are used ______ .

A．to make the first rough outline

B．to finish the rough outline

C．to make the approved drawing

D．to ink in the rough outline

ew World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenthcentury New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “so much important attached to intellectual pursuits.” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.

To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church—important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.

The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.

We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope—all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churches.

Meanwhile , many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish. ”

第36题：The author holds that in the seventeenthcentury New England

A．Puritan tradition dominated political life.

B．intellectual interests were encouraged.

C．politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.

D．intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.